Hydrogen Indirectly Suppresses Increases in Hydrogen Peroxide in Cytoplasmic Hydroxyl Radical-Induced Cells and Suppresses Cellular Senescence.
Takahiro Sakai, Ryosuke Kurokawa, Shin-Ichi Hirano, Jun Imai · International journal of molecular sciences · 2019
Research-use notice
Independent study record
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H2HUBB TAKEAWAY
In H₂ produced by gut bacteria diffuses throughout the body to scavenge cyto •OH in cells, further, H₂ suppressed increased H₂O₂ by suppressing cyto •OH-mediated lipid peroxide formation and cellular senescence induction via two pathways. These findings come from a laboratory model and suggest molecular hydrogen's biological potential. Further research is needed to determine clinical relevance. Molecular hydrogen was the intervention in this cellular study; hydrogen peroxide was evaluated as part of the oxidative-stress response and was not the therapeutic agent.
What the Researchers Tested
H₂ produced by gut bacteria diffuses throughout the body to scavenge cyto •OH in cells.
Laboratory Model
H₂ produced by gut bacteria diffuses throughout the body to scavenge cyto •OH in cells.
How Molecular Hydrogen Was Used
Because H₂ diffuses within the cell, it is hypothesized that H₂ scavenges cytoplasmic •OH (cyto •OH) and suppresses cellular senescence. However, the mechanisms of cyto •OH-induced cellular senescence and the physiological role of gut bacteria-secreted H₂ have not been elucidated.
What Molecular Hydrogen Changed
Cyto •OH-generated lipid peroxide caused glutathione (GSH) and heme shortage, increased hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and induced cellular senescence via the phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase serine 1981 (p-ATMser1981)/p53 serine 15 (p-p53ser15)/p21 and phosphorylation of heme-regulated inhibitor (p-HRI)/phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha serine 51 (p-eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/p16 pathways. Further, H₂ suppressed increased H₂O₂ by suppressing cyto •OH-mediated lipid peroxide formation and cellular senescence induction via two pathways.
H₂ Mechanisms / Biological Findings
Cyto •OH-generated lipid peroxide caused glutathione (GSH) and heme shortage, increased hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and induced cellular senescence via the phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase serine 1981 (p-ATMser1981)/p53 serine 15 (p-p53ser15)/p21 and phosphorylation of heme-regulated inhibitor (p-HRI)/phospho-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit alpha serine 51 (p-eIF2α)/activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/p16 pathways.
Authors’ Conclusion
A distinct authors’ conclusion was not available in the source material reviewed by H2HUBB.
H2HUBB Evidence Boundary
Molecular hydrogen was the intervention in this cellular study; hydrogen peroxide was evaluated as part of the oxidative-stress response and was not the therapeutic agent.